As we all know, aging can be a pain in the neck (literally … and in the back, legs, etc.). The process of aging does many things to our bodies (i.e., muscles begin to lose their strength, eyesight ...

The gate control theory of pain, put forward by Ron Melzack and Patrick Wall in 1962, is the idea that physical pain is not a direct result of activation of pain receptor neurons, but rather its ...

J Midwifery Womens Health. 2008;53(2):115-122. The mechanisms of action for sterile water injections are not fully clear, but the Gate Control Theory is one logical explanation. This theory was ...