Hydrofluoroolefin (HFO) and Hydrocarbon (HC) refrigerants are referred to as fourth-generation refrigerants for the 21st century following chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), ...

The total temperature glide of a refrigerant blend is defined as the temperature difference between the saturated vapor temperature and the saturated liquid temperature at a constant pressure. Another ...

A method of cooling a liquid refrigerant after it has been boiled by heat from a heat source. Unlike the conventional cooling method, which uses a temperature difference to transfer heat from a heat ...

DURING recent studies of the properties of radicals trapped at low temperatures it has been found that the presence of bubbles in the body of a boiling refrigerant can be eliminated by introducing a ...

IN discussing the precautions required when liquefying propane for use as a refrigerant for biological specimens, J. L. Stevenson 1 points out, and correctly, the necessity for preventing the ...